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【英文标准名称】:Tappingscrewandwasherassemblies
【原文标准名称】:自攻螺钉组件
【标准号】:DIN6901-1972
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:
【发布日期】:
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J13
【国际标准分类号】:
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSamplingandCountingAirborneFibers,IncludingAsbestosFibers,intheWorkplace,byPhaseContrastMicroscopy(withandOptionofTransmissionElectronMicroscopy)
【原文标准名称】:用相位比对显微镜取样和计数车间内的空气纤维(包含石棉纤维)的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD7201-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D22.04
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:石棉;对比度;计数;电子显微镜;纤维;显微术;相;取样;传输;工作地点
【英文主题词】:airmonitoring;asbestos;fibers;membranefiltermethod;phasecontrastmicroscopy;samplingandanalysis;workplaceatmospheres
【摘要】:1.1Thispracticedescribesthedeterminationoftheconcentrationoffibers,expressedasthenumberofsuchfiberspermillilitreofair,usingphasecontrastmicroscopyandoptionallytransmissionelectronmicroscopytoevaluateparticulatematerialcollectedonamembranefilterinthebreathingzoneofanindividualorbyareasamplinginaspecificlocation.ThispracticeisbasedonthecoreproceduresprovidedintheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)StandardISO8672(1),theNationalInstituteforOccupationalandHealth(NIOSH)ManualofAnalyticalMethods,NIOSH7400(2),andtheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)MethodID160(3).Thispracticeindicatestheimportantpointswherethesemethodsdiffer,andprovidesinformationregardingthedifferences,whichwillallowtheusertoselectthemostappropriateprocedureforaparticularapplication.However,selectingportionsofproceduresfromdifferentpublishedmethodsgenerallyrequiresausertoreportthattheyhaveusedamodificationtoamethodratherthanclaimtheyhaveusedthemethodaswritten.1.2Thepracticeisusedforroutinedeterminationofanindexofoccupationalexposuretoairbornefibersinworkplaces.Workplacesareconsideredthoseplaceswhereworkersareexposedtoairbornefibersincludingasbestos.Additionalinformationonsamplingstrategies,samplecollection(includingcalibration)anduseofsampleresultsforasbestosabatementprojectsisprovidedinastandardPracticeforAirMonitoringforManagementofAsbestos-ContainingMaterials(WK8951)currentlybeingconsideredbyASTMsubcommitteeE06.24.Afurtherpracticehasbeenapprovedforthespecificpurposeofsamplingandcountingairbornefibersinminesandquarries(PracticeD7200),althoughthepracticehereinmayalsobeusedforthispurpose.Thecurrentpracticemaybeusedasameansofmonitoringoccupationalexposuretoasbestosfiberswhenasbestosfibersareknownaprioritobepresentintheairbornedust.Thepracticegivesanindexofairbornefiberconcentration.Thispracticemaybeusedinconjunctionwithelectronmicroscopy(SeeAppendixX1)forassistanceinidentificationoffibers.Thispracticemaybeusedforothermaterialssuchasfibrousglass,orman-mademineralfibersbyusingalternatecountingrules(seeAnnexA4).1.3Thispracticespecifiestheequipmentandproceduresforsamplingtheatmosphereinthebreathingzoneofanindividualandfordeterminingthenumberoffibersaccumulatedonafiltermembraneduringthecourseofanappropriately-selectedsamplingperiod.Thepracticemayalsobeusedtosampletheatmosphereinaspecificlocationorroomofabuilding(areasampling),wherethismaybehelpfulinassessingexposuretoworkershandlingfiber-containingproducts.1.4Theidealworkingrangeofthistestpracticeextendsfrom100fibers/mm178;to1300fibers/mm178;offilterarea.Fora1000-Lairsample,thiscorrespondstoaconcentrationrangefromapproximately0.04to0.5fiber/mL(orfiber/cm179;).Lowerandhigherrangesoffiberconcentrationcanbemeasuredbyreducingorincreasingthevolumeofaircollected.However,whenthispracticeisappliedtosamplingthepresenceofother,non-asbestosdust,theleveloftotalsuspendedparticulatemayimposeanupperlimittothevolumeofairthatcanbesampledifthefiltersproducedaretobeofappropriatefiberloadingforfibercounting.1.5UsersshoulddeterminetheirownlimitofdetectionusingtheprocedureinPracticeD6620.ForReferencetheNIOSH7400methodgivesthelimitofdetectionas7fibers/mm178;offilterarea.Fora1000Lairsample,thiscorrespondstoalimitofdetectionof0.0027fiber/mL(orfiber/cm179;).ForOSHAmethodID160thelimitofdetectionisgivenas5.5fibers/mm178;offilterarea.Fora1000Lairsample,thisc......
【中国标准分类号】:C70
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_30
【页数】:24P.;A4
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